POSSIBLE MTP PROJECTS 2007 / 8

 

Project A:

Title: Mapping between Semantic Web pages

 

Abstract

The vision of the Semantic Web, as set out in (Berners-Lee, Hendler, & Lassila 2001), describes a Web friendly to both humans and machines; where natural language text conveys knowledge to humans, and corresponding (instantiated) ontologies provide a form of easily accessible  knowledge (a loosely structured KB) to machines.  Further, rules will also be available which specify how to map a concept from one ontology, o1, to a concept in another ontology, o2.

 

Assuming these mappings are stored in a central mapping repository, the principal task of this project is to produce an algorithm for inferring new correspondances between ontologies which have not been explicitly stated by any mapping rule, but which can be inferred by through the use of intermediary ontologies and their associated mappings.  The ontologies themselves may also be stored in a repository.

 

For example, lets say a given page is represented by ontology o1, which is associated with a set of mappings (in the repository) to change the concepts in o1 to one of several ontologies, lets call them ox and oy. So effectively, o1 is associated with a set of mapppings from o1 to ox and o1 to oy; lets call these Mappings(1, x) and Mappings(o1, oy) respectively.  If we wish to map to an ontology, o2, representing another page’s content, we would first check if the repository contains Mappings(o1, o2) . If not, we could check if the repository has Mappings(ox, o2) or Mappings(oy, o2), in which case we would know we would be able to map from o1 to o2 in two stages.  Of course, in general this mapping process will explore a larger number of mapping stages. 

 

The ability to determine correspondances like this is desirable for many reasons.  For example, when an organisation is searching for the cheapest supplier of a certain product or service, a program will be able to use these ontologies and mappings to compare the prices of that product/service from multiple suppliers, without also returning prices for similar but different products like current Web based price comparison sites.

 

The project would also have to produce / retrieve a number of small ontologies & sets of mappings to support this activity.

 

Programming Language: Java

 

Supervisors: Derek Sleeman & David Corsar

 

 

Project B:

A Web based Aid for Engineers, Scientists and their Students: a Web-based system to perform Dimensional Analysis

 

The Physical Sciences (including Engineering) use and manipulate a great number of measurements, and there are clear rules about which of these entities can be added and subtracted.  Just as it makes no sense to add “3 apples and 2 jumbo-jets” it makes no sense to add “3 square centimetres” and “10 seconds.”

 

To avoid these unacceptable computations a system of dimensional analysis has been developed where every physical quantity is characterised by 5 dimensions, namely

 

Length (L), Time (T), Mass (M), Temperature (K), and Electrical Current (I)

 

So in this notation a volume of a cube is L*L*L or L^3

 

Speed = Distance/Time =          L/T or LąT­ą etc

 

The aim of this project is to develop a system which given a set of definitions of physical entities can then advise a user whether an expression like:

 

AREA ^ 2/TIME  =  VOLUME/LENGTH/TIME                                            is valid.

 

Potential Users Students in the Physical Sciences and Engineering still need to do these computations and would find some kind of calculator useful.  Secondly researchers in an area of AI known as Scientific Discovery frequently generate equations and these need to be checked to ensure they are dimensionally valid/consistent.

 

Outline Project:

 

  1. To implement an interactive system which gives users feedback on the validity of an expression
  2. Implement an API
  3. Convert the above system to a web based service
  4. Extend the above system to suggest how invalid expressions could be made valid.

 

NB       A more detailed note on Dimensional Analysis and an outline design for the system is available on request.

 

Programming  Language:           Java (and various packages)

 

Supervisors                  :           Derek Sleeman and Edward Thomas